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Office of Civil Engineering

Толкование Перевод

1 Office of Civil Engineering

Военный термин: аппарат начальника управления по проектированию и строительству гражданских объектов (ВВС)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Office of Civil Engineering
2 Office of Civil Engineering

Military: OCE

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Office of Civil Engineering
3 Office of (the Director of) Civil Engineering

OCE, Office of (the Director of) Civil Engineering

аппарат начальника управления по проектированию и строительству гражданских объектов (ВВС)

English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Office of (the Director of) Civil Engineering
4 System Civil Engineering Office

Engineering: SCEO

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > System Civil Engineering Office
5 ♦ civil

♦ civil /ˈsɪvl/
a.

1 civile; pubblico; statale: civil aviation, aviazione civile; (in GB) the Civil Service, la pubblica amministrazione; la funzione pubblica; il pubblico impiego; civil war, guerra civile; DIALOGO → - Wedding- Tim's not very religious so they're going to have a civil ceremony at a registry office, Tim non è molto religioso quindi faranno una cerimonia civile in comune

2 (leg.) civile: civil liability, responsabilità civile; civil wrong, illecito civile

3 cortese; garbato; urbano; civile: a civil answer, una risposta garbata

● (leg.) civil commotion, disordini (pl.) □ (leg., polit.) civil death, perdita dei diritti civili; morte civile □ civil defence, difesa territoriale; protezione civile □ civil disobedience, disobbedienza civile □ civil engineer, ingegnere civile; (al pl., collett.) genio civile □ civil engineering, ingegneria civile □ (leg.) civil law, diritto civile; ( anche) diritto che discende dal diritto romano □ civil liberties, libertà civili □ (in GB) the Civil List, l'appannaggio della casa reale; la lista civile □ (leg.) civil litigation, controversia (o causa) civile □ civil magistrates, magistratura civile □ civil marriage, matrimonio civile □ civil rights, diritti civili □ (in GB) civil servant, funzionario pubblico; impiegato statale □ (leg.) civil union, unione civile; patto civile di solidarietà □ civil year, anno civile ( di 365 giorni) □ ( detto di un avvocato) to do civil work, essere un civilista; fare il civile (fam.).

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ civil
6 office

управление; департамент; комитет; отдел; бюро; секретариат, канцелярия; разг. кабина экипажа

Joint Service Cruise Missile Program [Project] office — объединенное управление разработки КР (для ВВС и ВМС)

office of Information, Navy — информационное управление ВМС

office of Research, Development and Evaluation — управление НИОКР ВМС

office of the Chief, Army Reserve — управление резерва СВ

office of the Comptroller, Navy — управление главного финансового инспектора ВМС

office of the Deputy COFS for Research, Development and Acquisition — управление заместителя НШ по НИОКР и закупкам (СВ)

office, Aerospace Research — управление воздушно-космических исследований

office, Analysis and Review — управление анализа и контроля потребностей

office, Armor Force Management and Standardization — управление по вопросам администрации и стандартизации бронетанковых войск

office, Assistant COFS for Force Development — управление ПНШ по строительству ВС

office, Assistant COFS for Intelligence — управление ПНШ по разведке

office, Assistant COFS — управление [отдел] ПНШ

office, Assistant Secretary of Defense — аппарат [секретариат] ПМО

office, Chief of Chaplains — управление начальника службы военных священников (СВ)

office, Chief of Civil Affairs — управление по связям с гражданской администрацией и населением

office, Chief of Engineers — управление начальника инженерных войск

office, Chief of Finance (and Accounting) — управление начальника финансовой службы (СВ)

office, Chief of Legislative Liaison — отдел связи с законодательными органами

office, Chief of Ordnance — управление начальника артиллерийско-технической службы (СВ)

office, Chief of R&D — управление НИОКР (СВ)

office, Chief of Transportation — управление [отдел] начальника транспортной службы

office, Chief, Chemical Corps — управление начальника химической службы

office, COFS for Operations — оперативное управление НШ

office, COFS, Army — аппарат НШ СВ

office, Consolidated Personnel — управление гражданских рабочих и служащих

office, Coordinator of Army Studies — управление координатора разработок СВ

office, Defense Transportation — управление военно-транспортной службы

office, Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, Air Warfare — управление заместителя НШ ВМС по боевому применению авиации

office, Deputy COFS for Aviation — отдел заместителя НШ по авиации (МП)

office, Deputy COFS for Installations and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по расквартированию и тыловому обеспечению

office, Deputy COFS for Manpower — управление заместителя НШ по людским ресурсам

office, Deputy COFS for Operations and Training — управление заместителя НШ по оперативной и боевой подготовке

office, Deputy COFS for Plans and Logistics — управление заместителя НШ по планированию тылового обеспечения

office, Development and Engineering — отдел технических разработок (ЦРУ)

office, Development and Weapon Systems Analysis — управление разработки и анализа систем вооружения

office, Director of Development Planning — управление планирования строительства (ВВС)

office, Director of Foreign Intelligence — управление начальника внешней разведки

office, Distribution Services — отдел распределения и рассылки картографических изданий (МО)

office, Economic Research — отдел экономических исследований (ЦРУ)

office, Emergency Transportation — управление чрезвычайных перевозок

office, Employment Policy and Grievance Review — отдел по вопросам занятости и рассмотрению жалоб (СВ)

office, Federal Procurement Policy — управление разработки федеральной политики в области закупок

office, Force Planning and Analysis — управление планирования и анализа строительства ВС

office, General Council — управление генерального юрисконсульта

office, Geographic and Cartographic Research — отдел географических и картографических исследований (ЦРУ)

office, Imagery Analysis — отдел анализа видовой информации (ЦРУ)

office, Information and Legal Affairs — управление информации и права (МО)

office, Information for. the Armed Forces — управление информации ВС

office, JCS — аппарат КНШ

office, Judge Advocate General — управление начальника военно-юридической службы

office, Management and Budget — административно-бюджетное управление

office, Military Assistance — управление по оказанию военной помощи

office, Personnel Manager — отдел кадров (СВ)

office, Services and Information Agency — отдел управления информационного обеспечения

office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Army Aircraft — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО армейской авиации

office, Special Assistant for Logistical Support of Tactical Communications — отдел специального помощника по вопросам МТО тактических систем связи

office, the Inspector General — управление генерального инспектора

office, the Legislative Affairs — управление военного законодательства

office, Under Secretary of Navy — аппарат заместителя министра ВМС

office, Under Secretary of the Air Force — аппарат заместителя министра ВВС

Personnel, Plans and Training office — отдел по вопросам ЛС, планирования и боевой подготовки

Strategic Objectives [Targets] Planning office — управление планирования стратегических задач (КНШ)

Strategic Submarine C2 office — отдел оперативного управления ПЛ стратегических сил

Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Night Observation System office — управление разработки систем наблюдения, засечки целей и ПНВ

— Adjutant General's office

— Administrative office

— admission office

— Air Attache Affairs office

— Air Force office of Security Police

— Air Force office of Special Investigations

— Air Force Post office

— Air Force Special Security office

— Air Land Programs office

— air reconnaissance liaison office

— Airlift Coordinating office

— ammunition office

— Antimissile Missile and Space Defense Projects office

— approving office

— Armed Forces Graves Registration office

— Army Air Defense Operations office

— Army Careers and Information office

— Army Electronics and Special Weapons office

— Army Force Modernization Coordination office

— Army Industry Material Information Liaison office

— Army Post office

— Army Procurement Research office

— Army R&D Information Systems office

— Army Research office

— Army Staff Military Assistance office

— Army Staff Operations office

— Army Staff Reserves office

— Army Staff Security office

— Army Staff TOE office

— Army Staff Topography office

— Army Staff Training office

— assault signal office

— beach signal office

— billeting office

— BM Construction office

— BM Defense Program office

— BM office

— branch field post office

— branch office

— British Forces Post office

— careers office

— Central Purchasing office

— Chief QM's office

— cipher office

— circulation control office

— Civilian Personnel office

— code office

— command issuing office

— Commercial Communications Policy office

— community post office

— company office

— Comptroller General's office

— counterfire duty office

— Crime and Intelligence office

— Defense Attache office

— Defense Commercial Communications office

— Defense Communications Engineering office

— Defense Communications Field office

— Defense foreign disclosure coordinating office

— Defense Materiel Specifications and Standards office

— Defense Property Disposal office

— Defense Research office

— Defense Staff office

— District Transportation office

— division ammunition office

— division army post office

— divisional office

— Equal Employment Opportunity office

— Executive office for the National Military Representative

— Executive office of the Secretary

— executive office

— Facilities Engineering office

— Facilities Supply office

— Field Buying office

— field personnel office

— field post office

— Fleet Post office

— forces post office

— Foreign Liaison office

— General Accounting office

— general military training office

— General Post office

— general reference office

— Graves Registration office

— High Energy Laser Systems office

— Highway Regulating office

— Housing office

— housing referral office

— Human Resources Research office

— Information office

— Information Tour and Travel office

— Inspection office

— intelligence office

— Intelligence-Producing office

— Joint Allied Military Petroleum office

— Joint Area Petroleum office

— law-enforcement office

— liaison office

— local recruiting office

— Logistical Assistance office

— Maintenance Interservice Support Management office

— Management Information Systems office

— medical regulating office

— Metropolitan Information office

— Military District Administrative office

— Military Personnel office

— Military Planning office

— military post office

— Military Satellite Communications office

— Munitions Control office

— National Intelligence Tasking office

— National Reconnaissance office

— NATO Airborne Early Warning Projects office

— Naval Aviation Engineering office

— Navy Information office

— Navy office

— Nuclear Cataloguing office

— office Director of Organization and Training

— office for Dependents' Medical Care

— office for the Freedom of Information

— office of Chief of Public Affairs

— office of Chief QM

— office of Chief Signal Officer

— office of Civil Defense

— office of Civil Operations

— office of Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services

— office of Civilian Manpower Management

— office of Communication Systems

— office of Community Services

— office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization

— office of Defense Cooperation

— office of Defense Management and Organization

— office of Defense Manpower

— office of Director of Intelligence

— office of Emergency Planning

— office of Emergency Preparedness

— office of Emergency Service

— office of Guided Missiles

— office of Industrial Personnel Access Authorization Review

— office of Industrial Relations

— office of Industrial Security

— office of Military Government for Berlin Sector

— office of Military Government

— office of Military Instruction

— office of Military Leadership

— office of Naval Administration

— office of Naval Inspector General

— office of Naval Inspectors of Ordnance

— office of Naval Intelligence

— office of Naval Operations

— office of Naval Research

— office of Naval Reserve

— office of Naval Warfare

— office of Naval Weapons

— office of Naval Weather Service

— office of NBC Warfare

— office of Ocean Affairs

— office of origin

— office of Personnel

— office of Planning and Management

— office of Primary Concern

— office of Primary Responsibility

— office of Procurement and Materiel

— office of Procurement and Policy

— office of Program Appraisal

— office of Regional and Political Analysis

— office of Research Analysis

— office of Reserve Components

— office of Safety and Nuclear Surety

— office of Security Police

— office of Security Review

— office of Selective Service Records

— office of SIGINT

— office of Space Systems

— office of Special Investigations

— office of Special Weapons Development

— office of Strategic Information

— office of Strategic Offensive and Defensive Systems

— office of Strategic Plans

— office of Support Services

— office of Systems and Financial Management

— office of Technical Information

— office of Technical Services

— office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense/Public Affairs

— office of the Chief Chemical Officer

— office of the Chief of CW Service

— office of the Chief of Finance

— office of the Chief of Information

— office of the Chief of Military History

— office of the Chief of Naval Operations

— office of the Chief of Special Warfare

— office of the Chief of Support Services

— office of the Chief Signal Officer

— office of the Chief Surgeon

— office of the Commanding General

— office of the Deputy COFS for Logistics

— office of the Deputy COFS for Military Operations

— office of the Deputy COFS for Personnel

— office of the Deputy COFS

— office of the Director of Civilian Marksmanship

— office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering

— office of the Director of Weapons Systems Analysis

— office of the Director

— office of the Field Directorate and Ammunition Plants

— office of the General Purchasing Agent

— office of the JCS

— office of the Judge Advocate General

— office of the Oceanographer of the Navy

— office of the Provost Marshal General

— office of the QM

— office of the Scientific Adviser

— office of the Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs

— office of the Secretary of Defense

— office of the Secretary of the Air Force

— office of the Secretary of the Army

— office of the Secretary of the Navy

— office of the Secretary to the Staff

— office of the Secretary

— office of the Surgeon General

— office of the Under Secretary of the Army

— office of the US Army Attache

— office of Weapons Intelligence

— office QM General

— operations office

— Physical Education office

— Planning and Administrative office

— Political-Military Affairs office

— Preparedness office

— Program Analysis and Evaluation office

— Program Planning office

— project manager office

— Public Affairs office

— Public Information office

— Public Relations office

— Records office

— recruiting office

— regional office

— replacements allocation office

— Resources Management office

— Retirement Services office

— Royal Marine office

— SAC Project office

— Secretary of the Army office

— Security office

— Soldiers' Record office

— staff office

— Strategic Technology office

— sub-post office

— Summing-Up Evaluation office

— support control office

— Survivable Communications office

— Survivor Assistance office

— System Analysis office

— Systems Program office

— Traffic Control office

— Training Aid Service office

— US Army Commercial Communications office

— War office

— Weapons System Analysis office

English-Russian military dictionary > office
7 civil

'sivl
adjective

1) (polite, courteous.) cortés, educado

2) (of the state or community: civil rights.) civil

3) (ordinary; not military or religious: civil life.) civil

4) (concerned with law cases which are not criminal.) civil

•

- civilian
- civility
- civilly
- civil defence
- civil disobedience
- civil engineer
- civil liberties/rights
- civil servant
- civil service
- civil war

civil adjetivo
a) ‹derechos/responsabilidades› civil

b) ( no religioso) civil;
casarse por lo civil or (Per, RPl, Ven) sólo por civil or (Chi, Méx) por el civil to be married in a civil ceremony (AmE), to have a registry office wedding (BrE)
c) ( no militar) civilian ( before n);

◊ iba (vestido) de civil he was in civilian clothes
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino
a) ( persona no militar) civilian

b) (Esp) ( guardia civil) Civil Guard

civil
I adjetivo
1 civil: se casaron por lo civil, they got married in the registry office
2 Mil civilian
II mf civilian: el policía iba de civil, the policeman was in plain clothes ' civil' also found in these entries: Spanish: administración - aviación - aviador - aviadora - benemérita - casarse - código - estado - funcionaria - funcionario - guerra - ingeniera - ingeniero - machetazo - paisana - paisano - protección - reflejar - sociedad - umbral - venir - amotinar - burócrata - empleado - estar - guardia - ingeniería - juicio - matrimonio - notaría - paisanaje - prefecto - registro - reo - rojo - ser English: CAA - civil - civil engineer - civil liberties - civil rights - civil servant - civil service - civil war - civilian - clear-cut - disobedience - injure - marital status - registrar - registry office - status - civic - county - defendant - load - marital - Ms - plain - wedding

civil

tr['sɪvəl]

adjective

1 (of citizens) civil

2 (polite) cortés,-esa, educado,-a

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

civil defence defensa civil

civil disobedience resistencia pasiva, desobediencia civil

civil engineer ingeniero,-a de caminos, canales y puertos

civil engineering ingeniería civil

civil law derecho civil

civil liberties libertades nombre femenino plural civiles

civil rights derechos nombre masculino plural civiles

civil servant funcionario,-a

the civil service (government departments) la administración nombre femenino pública 2 (employees) el funcionariado, los funcionarios nombre masculino plural

civil war guerra civil

civil ['sɪvəl] adj

1) : civil

civil law: derecho civil

2) polite: civil, cortés

civil

adj.

• civil adj.

• comedido, -a adj.

• cortés adj.

'sɪvəl, 'sɪvḷ
adjective

1)

a) (of society, citizens) civil

civil unrest — malestar m social

b) ( not military) civil

c) ( Law) civil

2) ( polite) cortés

that's very civil of you — es muy gentil de su parte

['sɪvl]
1. ADJ

1) (=societal) [strife, conflict] civil; [unrest] social

2) (=not military) [aviation, ship] civil

3) (=not religious) [ceremony, service, marriage] civil

4) (Jur) (=not criminal) [case, action, proceedings, charge] civil; [penalty] por infracción de la ley; [court] de lo Civil

5) (=polite) [person] cortés, atento; [behaviour] cortés

to be civil to sb — ser cortés or atento con algn

that's very civil of you — es usted muy amable
tongue
2.

CPD

Civil Aviation Authority N — Aviación f Civil

civil defence, civil defense (US) N — defensa f civil

civil disobedience N — desobediencia f civil

civil engineer N — ingeniero(-a) m / f civil, ingeniero(-a) m / f de caminos (canales y puertos) (Sp)

civil engineering N — ingeniería f civil, ingeniería f de caminos (canales y puertos) (Sp)

civil law N — derecho m civil

civil liberties N — libertades fpl civiles

civil list N — (Brit) presupuesto de la casa real aprobado por el parlamento

civil marriage N — matrimonio m civil

civil partner N — pareja f civil (del mismo sexo)

civil partnership N — unión f de parejas civiles (del mismo sexo)

civil rights N — derechos mpl civiles

civil rights leader — defensor(a) m / f de los derechos civiles

civil rights movement N — movimiento m pro derechos civiles

civil servant N — funcionario(-a) m / f (del Estado)

Civil Service N — administración f pública

civil status N — estado m civil

civil war N — guerra f civil

the American Civil War — la guerra de Secesión

civil wedding N — boda f civil

* * *
['sɪvəl, 'sɪvḷ]
adjective

1)

a) (of society, citizens) civil

civil unrest — malestar m social

b) ( not military) civil

c) ( Law) civil

2) ( polite) cortés

that's very civil of you — es muy gentil de su parte

English-spanish dictionary > civil
8 Drawing office

Civil and Mechanical Engineering

வரைவலுவலகம்

English-Tamil dictionary > Drawing office
9 OCE

1) Военный термин: Office of Civil Engineering, Office, Chief of Engineers, officer conducting the exercise, operational control equipment

2) Техника: ocean color-experiment, oscillating current element

3) Химия: open circuit electrode

4) Университет: Office of Continuing Education, Outreach Cooperative Extension

5) Вычислительная техника: среда открытого сотрудничества, Open Collaborative Environment (Apple)

6) Геофизика: Ocean Covered Earth

7) Фирменный знак: Ontario Centres of Excellence

8) Образование: Office of Cultural Education

9) Сетевые технологии: Open Collaboration Environment, Open Collaborative Environment

10) ЕБРР: Office of the Chief Economist

11) Химическое оружие: Office of the Chief of Engineers

12) Аэропорты: Ocean City, Maryland USA

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > OCE
10 Oce

1) Военный термин: Office of Civil Engineering, Office, Chief of Engineers, officer conducting the exercise, operational control equipment

2) Техника: ocean color-experiment, oscillating current element

3) Химия: open circuit electrode

4) Университет: Office of Continuing Education, Outreach Cooperative Extension

5) Вычислительная техника: среда открытого сотрудничества, Open Collaborative Environment (Apple)

6) Геофизика: Ocean Covered Earth

7) Фирменный знак: Ontario Centres of Excellence

8) Образование: Office of Cultural Education

9) Сетевые технологии: Open Collaboration Environment, Open Collaborative Environment

10) ЕБРР: Office of the Chief Economist

11) Химическое оружие: Office of the Chief of Engineers

12) Аэропорты: Ocean City, Maryland USA

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Oce
11 аппарат начальника управления по проектированию и строительству гражданских объектов

Military: Office of Civil Engineering (ВВС)

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > аппарат начальника управления по проектированию и строительству гражданских объектов
12 Pole, William

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering

[br]

b. 22 April 1814 Birmingham, England

d. 1900

[br]

English engineer and educator.

[br]

Although primarily an engineer, William Pole was a man of many and varied talents, being amongst other things an accomplished musician (his doctorate was in music) and an authority on whist. He served an apprenticeship at the Horsley Company in Birmingham, and moved to London in 1836, when he was employed first as Manager to a gasworks. In 1844 he published a study of the Cornish pumping engine, and he also accepted an appointment as the first Professor of Engineering in the Elphinstone College at Bombay. He spent three pioneering years in this post, and undertook the survey work for the Great Indian Peninsular Railway. Before returning to London in 1848 he married Matilda Gauntlett, the daughter of a clergyman.

Back in Britain, Pole was employed by James Simpson, J.M.Rendel and Robert Stephenson, the latter engaging him to assist with calculations on the Britannia Bridge. In 1858 he set up his own practice. He kept a very small office, choosing not to delegate work to subordinates but taking on a bewildering variety of commissions for government and private companies. In the first category, he made calculations for government officials of the main drainage of the metropolis and for its water supply. He lectured on engineering to the Royal Engineers' institution at Chatham, and served on a Select Committee to enquire into the armour of warships and fortifications. He became a member of the Royal Commission on the Railways of Great Britain and Ireland (the Devonshire Commission, 1867) and reported to the War Office on the MartiniHenry rifle. He also advised the India Office about examinations for engineering students. The drafting and writing up of reports was frequently left to Pole, who also made distinguished contributions to the official Lives of Robert Stephenson (1864), I.K. Brunel (1870) and William Fairbairn (1877). For other bodies, he acted as Consulting Engineer in England to the Japanese government, and he assisted W.H.Barlow in calculations for a bridge at Queensferry on the Firth of Forth (1873). He was consulted about many urban water supplies.

Pole joined the Institution of Civil Engineers as an Associate in 1840 and became a Member in 1856. He became a Member of Council, Honorary Secretary (succeeding Manby in 1885–96) and Honorary Member of the Institution. He was interested in astronomy and photography, he was fluent in several languages, was an expert on music, and became the world authority on whist. In 1859 he was appointed Professor of Civil Engineering at University College London, serving in this office until 1867. Pole, whose dates coincided closely with those of Queen Victoria, was one of the great Victorian engineers: he was a polymath, able to apply his great abilities to an amazing range of different tasks. In engineering history, he deserves to be remembered as an outstanding communicator and popularizer.

[br]

Bibliography

1843, "Comparative loss by friction in beam and direct-action engines", Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 2:69.

Further Reading

Dictionary of National Biography, London.

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers 143:301–9.

AB

Biographical history of technology > Pole, William
13 travail

travail (plural - aux) [tʀavaj, o]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = activité) le travail work

• il est en plein travail he's in the middle of something

• se mettre au travail to get down to work

• avoir du travail/beaucoup de travail to have some work/a lot of work to do

• j'ai un travail fou en ce moment (inf) I'm up to my eyes in work at the moment (inf)

• horaire/vêtements de travail work schedule/clothes

• conditions/méthodes/groupe/déjeuner de travail working conditions/methods/group/lunch

• à travail égal, salaire égal equal pay for equal work

• améliorer la communication, c'est tout un travail ! improving communications is quite a task!

   b. ( = tâche) work uncount, job ; ( = résultat) work uncount

• c'est un travail de spécialiste (difficile à faire) it's a job for a specialist ; (bien fait) it's the work of a specialist

• tu as fait du beau travail you've done a really good job

• travaux de recherche/de construction research/building work

• faire faire des travaux dans la maison to have some work done in the house

• les grands travaux présidentiels the major projects undertaken by the president

• « pendant les travaux, le magasin restera ouvert » "business as usual during alterations"

• il y a des travaux (sur la chaussée) there are roadworks in progress

• « attention ! travaux ! » "caution! work in progress!" ; (sur la route) "roadworks ahead!" (Brit) "roadwork ahead!" (US)

   c. ( = métier, profession) job ; ( = situation) work uncount, job

• avoir un travail intéressant/lucratif to have an interesting/a highly paid job

• apprendre un travail to learn a job

• être sans travail

• ne pas avoir de travail to be out of work

• travail de bureau office work

• travail d'équipe or en équipe team work

• travail en usine factory work

• reprendre le travail to go back to work

• le monde du travail the world of work

   d. ( = façonnage) [de bois, cuir, fer] working

• le travail du marbre requiert une grande habileté working with marble requires great skill

   e. ( = accouchement) labour (Brit), labor (US)

• le travail n'a pas encore commencé she hasn't gone into labour yet

2. compounds

► travaux agricoles farm work

► travaux d'aiguille needlework

► travail à la chaîne assembly-line work

► travaux dirigés (University) tutorial

► travail à distance remote work

► travaux forcés hard labour

► un travail de fourmi a long, painstaking job

► travaux manuels (School) handicrafts

► travaux ménagers housework

► travail au noir undeclared work ; (en plus d'un autre) moonlighting

► travaux personnels encadrés multidisciplinary school project

► travaux pratiques (en classe) practical work ; (en laboratoire) lab work (Brit), lab (US)

► travaux publics civil engineering

• ingénieur des travaux publics civil engineer

* * *

1.

pl - aux tʀavaj, o nom masculin

1) ( contraire de repos) work

être en plein travail — to be busy working

2) (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work [U]

j'ai un travail fou — I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on

les gros travaux — the heavy work

qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? — what do you call this?

et voilà le travail! — that's that done!

3) ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work [U], job; ( lieu) work

conditions de travail — working conditions

4) Économie, Sociologie (activité, population active) labour [BrE] [U]

division du travail — division of labour [BrE]

5) ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work [U]

le travail musculaire — muscular effort

6) ( ouvrage érudit) work ( sur on)

7) ( façonnage)

le travail de — working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]

apprendre le travail du bois/métal — to learn woodwork/metalwork

8) (technique, exécution) workmanship

un travail superbe — a superb piece of workmanship

9) Physique work

10) ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of)

11) ( altération) ( de vin) fermentation, working; ( de bois) warping

12) Médecine ( pendant un accouchement) labour [BrE]

2.

travaux nom masculin pluriel

1) ( en chantier) work [U]; ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork [U] US

travaux de construction — construction work [U]

travaux de terrassement — earthworks

‘fermé pour travaux’ — ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’

‘attention, travaux’ — gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’

2) (recherche, études) work [U] ( sur on)

3) ( débats) deliberations

4) ( opérations de même nature)

les travaux agricoles/de la ferme — agricultural/farm work [U]

travaux de couture — needlework [U]

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- travail à la chaîne

- travail au noir

- travaux dirigés

- travaux forcés

- travaux manuels

- travaux ménagers

- travaux pratiques

- travaux publics

* * *
tʀavaj, o travaux pl
1. nm

1) (= activité, effort) work

J'ai beaucoup de travail. — I've got a lot of work.

C'est un travail épuisant. — It's exhausting work.

faire du bon travail — to do a good job

se mettre au travail — to start work, to get down to work

outils de travail — working tools, work tools

réunion de travail — working meeting

2) (= tâche spécifique) job

Donne-lui un travail facile. — Give him an easy job.

un travail de recherche — a research job

des travaux de recherche — research work

un travail de traduction — a translation job

des travaux de traduction — translation work

les douze travaux d'Hercules — the twelve labours of Hercules

3) (= emploi, gagne-pain) job, work no pl

Il a un travail intéressant. — He's got an interesting job.

être sans travail — to be out of work

Il est sans travail depuis un an. — He has been out of work for a year.

4) (= lieu) work

aller à son travail — to go to work

Au travail, je m'entends bien avec mes collègues. — I get on well with my colleagues at work.

5) ÉCONOMIE (= ressource, facteur) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USA

la législation du travail — labour law, labour legislation

6) MÉDECINE (de l'accouchement) labour Grande-Bretagne labor USA

entrer en travail — to go into labour

être en travail — to be in labour

7) (= façonnage)

le travail du bois — working with wood

le travail du métal — working with metal

2. travaux nmpl

(= chantier) (de réparation, agricoles) work, (sur route) roadworks, [construction] building work, building

* * *

I.

travail, pl - aux

A nm

1 ( contraire de repos) work; le travail intellectuel intellectual work; le travail scolaire schoolwork; ça demande des mois de travail it requires months of work; se mettre au travail to get down to work, to start work; être en plein travail to be busy working;

2 (tâche faite, à faire) job; (ensemble des tâches, besogne) work ¢; faire un travail to do a job; distribuer le travail to allocate jobs; ce n'est pas mon travail it's not my job; c'est un travail de professionnel ( à faire) it's a job for a professional; ( bien fait) it's a very professional job; c'est un travail d'homme it's man's work; commencer un travail to start a job; mener un travail de recherche to do research work; avoir du travail to have work to do; j'ai un travail fou I'm up to my eyes in work, I've got a lot of work on; les enfants, ça donne du travail, les enfants, c'est du travail children make a lot of work; les gros travaux the heavy work; s'occuper à de petits travaux to do little jobs; faire quelques travaux de jardinage to do a few gardening jobs; (félicitations) c'est du beau travail! aussi iron you've done a great job on that; qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? what do you call this?; et voilà le travail! that's that done!;

3 ( fait d'exercer un emploi) work; ( emploi rémunéré) work ¢, job; ( lieu) work; ne me téléphone pas à mon travail don't call me at work; chercher du/un travail to look for work/a job; bien content d'avoir du/un travail glad to be in work/to have a job; être sans travail to be out of work; donner du travail à qn ( employer) to give sb a job; reprendre le travail to go back to work; cesser le travail to stop work; aller au travail to go to work; être au travail to be at work; que fais-tu comme travail? what do you do?, what's your job?; il ne fait que son travail he's only doing his job; le travail en usine/de bureau factory/office ou clerical work; le travail temporaire/à mi-temps temporary/part-time work; un travail à mi-temps a part-time job; le travail en équipe team work; le travail en équipes shiftwork; le travail de nuit nightwork; il a un travail de nuit he works nights; le travail indépendant freelance work, self-employment; conditions/semaine de travail working conditions/week; vivre de son travail to work for one's living; ⇒ salaire;

4 Écon, Sociol (activité, population active) labour^GB ¢; le capital et le travail capital and labour^GB; organisation/division du travail organization/division of labour^GB; force de travail workforce; entrer dans le monde du travail to enter the world of work; la psychologie du travail industrial psychology;

5 ( résultat d'un fonctionnement) (de machine, d'organe) work ¢; le travail du cœur the work done by the heart; le travail musculaire muscular effort, the work done by the muscles;

6 ( ouvrage érudit) work (sur on); publier un travail sur la Renaissance to publish a work on the Renaissance;

7 ( façonnage) le travail de working with ou in [métal, bois, pierre]; le travail de l'ivoire est difficile working with ou in ivory is difficult; apprendre le travail du bois/métal to learn woodwork/metalwork;

8 (technique, exécution) workmanship; un travail superbe a superb piece of workmanship; un coffret d'un beau travail a beautifully made box; une dentelle d'un travail délicat a delicate piece of lacework;

9 Mécan, Phys work;

10 ( action) (d'eau, érosion) action (de of); fig (d'imagination, inconscient) workings (pl) (de of); le travail du temps the work of time;

11 ( altération) ( de vin) fermentation, working; ( de bois) warping;

12 Méd ( pendant accouchement) labour^GB; entrer/être en travail to go into/be in labour^GB; salle de travail labour^GB ward.

B travaux nmpl

1 ( en chantier) work (sg); ( sur une route) roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US; travaux de construction/réfection/soutènement construction/renovation/retaining work ¢; travaux de terrassement earthworks; travaux d'aménagement ( de bâtiment) alterations (de to), improvements (de to); ( d'un site) redevelopment ¢ (de of); ( d'une route) roadworks (de on); faire faire des travaux dans sa maison to have work done in one's house; nous sommes en plein travaux we're in the middle of having some work done; ‘fermé pour travaux’ ( sur une devanture) ‘closed for repairs ou alterations’; ‘attention, travaux’ gén ‘caution, work in progress’; ( sur une route) ‘caution, road under repair’;

2 (recherche, études) work ¢ (sur on); publier le résultat de ses travaux to publish the results of one's work;

3 ( débats) (d'assemblée, de commission) deliberations;

4 ( opérations de même nature) les travaux agricoles/de la ferme agricultural/farm work; travaux de couture needlework.

Composés

travail à la chaîne assembly-line work; travail clandestin work for which no earnings are declared; travail à domicile working at or from home; travail des enfants child labour^GB; travail d'intérêt général Jur community service; travail manuel manual work; travail au noir○ gén work for which no earnings are declared; ( exercice d'un second emploi non déclaré) moonlighting; travail aux pièces piece work; travail posté shift work; travail de Romain Herculean task; travail de titan = travail de Romain; travaux d'aiguille needlework ¢; travaux des champs agricultural ou farm work ¢; travaux de dame fancywork ¢; travaux dirigés, TD Univ practical (sg); travaux forcés Jur hard labour^GB (sg); fig slave labour^GB ¢; travaux manuels Scol handicrafts; travaux ménagers housework ¢; travaux pratiques, TP Scol, Univ practical work ¢; ( en laboratoire) lab work ¢; travaux préparatoires Jur ( pour un texte de loi) preliminary documents; travaux publics, TP ( travail) civil engineering ¢; ( ouvrages) civil engineering works, public works; travaux routiers roadworks GB, roadwork ¢ US.

II.

travail, pl travails nm ( appareil) trave.

I

( pluriel travaux) [travaj, o] nom masculin

A.[ACTION]

1. [occupation]

le travail work

le travail de bureau office work

le travail de jour/nuit day/night work

je finis le travail à cinq heures I stop ou finish work at five

écrire un dictionnaire est un travail collectif writing a dictionary involves working as a team

travail de force hard physical work

un travail de longue haleine a long-term work ou project

le travail posté ou par roulement shift work

le travail à domicile outwork

travail d'intérêt général DROIT community service

le travail manuel manual work ou labour

le travail au noir

a. [occasionnel] undeclared casual work, moonlighting

b. [comme pratique généralisée] black economy

travail à la pièce piecework

le travail saisonnier seasonal work

le travail salarié paid work

le travail temporaire

a. [généralement] temporary work

b. [dans un bureau] temping

2. [tâches imposées] work

donner du travail à quelqu'un to give somebody (some) work to do

3. [tâche déterminée] job

faire un travail de recherche/traduction to do a piece of research/a translation

c'est un travail de bagnard ou forçat it's back-breaking work ou a back-breaking job

c'est un travail de fourmi it's a painstaking task

c'est un travail de Romain ou de Titan it's a colossal job

et voilà le travail! (familier) and Bob's your uncle!

4. [efforts] (hard) work

c'est du travail d'élever cinq enfants! bringing up five children is a lot of (hard) work!

il a encore du travail s'il veut devenir champion he's still got a lot of work to do if he wants to be champion

5. [exécution] work

admirez le travail du pinceau admire the brushwork

on lui a confié les peintures et elle a fait du bon/mauvais travail she was responsible for doing the painting and she made a good/bad job of it

regarde-moi ce travail! just look at this mess!

je ne retrouve pas une seule disquette, qu'est-ce que c'est que ce travail? I can't find a single floppy disc, what's going on here?

et voilà le travail! (familier) and Bob's your uncle!

6. [façonnage] working

elle est attirée par le travail du bois/de la soie she's interested in working with wood/with silk

7. [poste] job, occupation, post

[responsabilité] job

chercher du ou un travail to be job-hunting, to be looking for a job

sans travail unemployed, jobless, out of work

8. [dans le système capitaliste] labour

9. [contrainte exercée - par la chaleur, l'érosion] action

10. PHYSIOLOGIE [accouchement] labour

le travail n'est pas commencé/est commencé the patient has not yet gone/has gone into labour

[activité] work

réduire le travail du cœur/des reins to lighten the strain on the heart/on the kidneys

11. MÉCANIQUE & PHYSIQUE work

12. PSYCHOLOGIE work, working through

travail du deuil grieving process

B.[RÉSULTAT, EFFET]

1. [écrit] piece

il a publié un travail très intéressant sur Proust he published a very interesting piece on Proust

2. [transformation - généralement] work

[modification interne - dans le bois] warping ; [ - dans le fromage] maturing ; [ - dans le vin] working

C.[LIEU D'ACTIVITÉ PROFESSIONNELLE] work, workplace

aller à son travail to go to (one's) work

travaux nom masculin pluriel

1. [tâches] work, working

gros travaux heavy work

j'ai fait des petits travaux I did some odd jobs

ils font des travaux après le pont there are roadworks after the bridge

‘fermé pendant les travaux’ ‘closed for ou during alterations’

‘attention, travaux’ ‘caution, work in progress’

travaux domestiques ou ménagers housework

travaux d'aiguille COUTURE needlework

travaux d'approche

a. MILITAIRE approaches

b. (figuré) manoeuvring

travaux de construction building work

travaux forcés hard labour

travaux d'Hercule

a. MYTHOLOGIE labours of Hercules

b. (figuré) Herculean tasks

travaux manuels

a. [généralement] arts and crafts

b. ÉDUCATION handicraft

travaux pratiques

a. [généralement] practical work

b. [en laboratoire] lab work

travaux d'utilité collective ≃ YTS

grands travaux large-scale public works

les Travaux publics civil engineering

entrer aux Travaux publics to become a civil engineer

2. [d'une commission] work

nous publierons le résultat de nos travaux we'll publish our findings

————————

au travail locution adverbiale

1. [en activité] at work, working

se mettre au travail to get down ou to set to work

allez, au travail! come on, get to work!

2. [sur le lieu d'activité] at work, in the workplace

je vous donne mon numéro au travail I'll give you my work number

————————

de travail locution adjectivale

1. [horaire, séance] working

[vêtement, camarade, permis] work (modificateur)

mes instruments de travail the tools of my trade

contrat de travail employment contract

2. [d'accouchement - période] labour (modificateur) ; [ - salle] labour (modificateur), delivery (modificateur)

————————

du travail locution adjectivale

[accident, sociologie, législation] industrial

conflit du travail employment dispute

droit du travail employment law

————————

en travail adverbe

PHYSIOLOGIE in labour

entrer en travail to go into ou to start labour

II

( pluriel travails) [travaj] nom masculin

MÉDECINE VÉTÉRINAIRE trave

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > travail
14 CE

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Capillary Electrophoresis

2) Компьютерная техника: Cgi Edition, Compact Edition, Compact Environment, Correctable Error, channel encoder

3) Биология: cellulose exchanger

4) Американизм: A Covered Entity

5) Латинский язык: Caveat Emptor

6) Военный термин: Campaign Evaluation, Canadian Engineers, Cartographic Entity, Central Europe, Chief of Engineers, Collateral Enclave, Collection Emphasis, Commander's Evaluation, Communications and Electronics, Comprehensive Evaluation, Concept Evaluation, Continuous Evaluation, Corps of Engineers, Criticism Entries, Current Exploitation, carrying equipment, chemical energy, chemical engineer, circular error, civil emergency, civil engineering, communications equipment, communications/electronics, compass error, composition exploding, construction equipment, control element, control equipment, controller error, cost effective, cost-effectiveness (критерий), counterespionage, crew error, crew evaluator, critical examination, cumulative expenditures, Corps of Engineers (U.S. Army), Civil Engineer (s)

7) Техника: Combustion Engineering, Inc., Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Customer Experience, chronometer error, combustion engine, common emitter, common equipment, common-emitter transistor connection, conductivity element, containment environment, exploding composition

8) Сельское хозяйство: European health & safety product label (Conformité Européenne)

9) Математика: круговая ошибка (circular error), полный перебор (complete enumeration), радиальное отклонение (circular error)

10) Религия: Catholic Encyclopedia, Christian Endeavor

11) Экономика: Office of the Chief Economist

12) Страхование: consumption entry

13) Автомобильный термин: commutator end

14) Грубое выражение: Crap Extended, Cum Egg

15) Политика: Sri Lanka

16) Телекоммуникации: сторона клиента

17) Сокращение: Chief Engineer (British Army), Chief Engineer, Chief Executive, Church of England, Co-operative Engagement, Command Element, Common Era (substitute for AD), Concurrent Engineering, Control Engineer, ship, Corps of Engineers Command (US Army), Cost Estimate, Counsellor of Embassy, Customer Engineer, composition, exploding, continuing education

18) Университет: College Of Engineering, Conventional Examination

19) Электроника: Capillary electrophoresis, Conformity To European, Consumer Electronics

20) Вычислительная техника: cost of error, Compact Edition (MS, Windows), Connection Endpoint (UNI), Common Era (substitute for AD), Customer Engineer (see also,) \<\< FE\>\>, затраты на ошибку, эксплуатационное обслуживание

21) Генетика: (capillary electrophoresis) КЭ (капиллярный электрофорез)

22) Связь: Control Element /Circuit Emulation, circuit emulation

23) Фирменный знак: Con Ele Dyn

24) Целлюлозно-бумажная промышленность: Степень каустизации (Caustizing Efficiency; Causticizing Efficiency)

25) Энергетика: collector end, коллекторная часть

26) СМИ: Collectors Edition

27) Деловая лексика: непрерывное обучение, повышение квалификации (continuing education)

28) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Cost Element

29) Сетевые технологии: communication electronics, customer engineering, инженер по обслуживанию абонентов, электроника средств связи

30) Полимеры: carbon equivalent

31) Ядерная физика: Coulomb Excitation

32) Контроль качества: cost effectiveness

33) Сахалин Ю: commodity engineer, conceptual engineering

34) Химическое оружие: U.S.- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, US Army Corps of Engineers, combustion efficiency

35) Физическая химия: Collision Energy (в масс-спектроскопии)

36) Макаров: color excess

37) Безопасность: Communication Encryption

38) Расширение файла: Cache Enable, Channel End, Chip Enable, Collision Elimination, Convert Enable, Computer Eyes (Digital Vision IFF bitmap)

39) Нефть и газ: coal equivalent

40) Военно-политический термин: Council of Europe

41) МИД: Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime, computing element, computing element (typically an arithmetic logical unit)

42) Высокочастотная электроника: Conformite Europeene

43) ООН: Communaute Europeenne

44) Должность: Civil Engineer

45) НАСА: Communications Engineer, Compact Equipment

46) Федеральное бюро расследований: Charlotte Field Office

47) Единицы измерений: Christian Era, Common Era

48) Международная торговля: Contrast Enhancement

49) Зубная имплантология: ITI Continuing Education, программа ITI непрерывного повышения квалификации

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > CE
15 Ce

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Capillary Electrophoresis

2) Компьютерная техника: Cgi Edition, Compact Edition, Compact Environment, Correctable Error, channel encoder

3) Биология: cellulose exchanger

4) Американизм: A Covered Entity

5) Латинский язык: Caveat Emptor

6) Военный термин: Campaign Evaluation, Canadian Engineers, Cartographic Entity, Central Europe, Chief of Engineers, Collateral Enclave, Collection Emphasis, Commander's Evaluation, Communications and Electronics, Comprehensive Evaluation, Concept Evaluation, Continuous Evaluation, Corps of Engineers, Criticism Entries, Current Exploitation, carrying equipment, chemical energy, chemical engineer, circular error, civil emergency, civil engineering, communications equipment, communications/electronics, compass error, composition exploding, construction equipment, control element, control equipment, controller error, cost effective, cost-effectiveness (критерий), counterespionage, crew error, crew evaluator, critical examination, cumulative expenditures, Corps of Engineers (U.S. Army), Civil Engineer (s)

7) Техника: Combustion Engineering, Inc., Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Customer Experience, chronometer error, combustion engine, common emitter, common equipment, common-emitter transistor connection, conductivity element, containment environment, exploding composition

8) Сельское хозяйство: European health & safety product label (Conformité Européenne)

9) Математика: круговая ошибка (circular error), полный перебор (complete enumeration), радиальное отклонение (circular error)

10) Религия: Catholic Encyclopedia, Christian Endeavor

11) Экономика: Office of the Chief Economist

12) Страхование: consumption entry

13) Автомобильный термин: commutator end

14) Грубое выражение: Crap Extended, Cum Egg

15) Политика: Sri Lanka

16) Телекоммуникации: сторона клиента

17) Сокращение: Chief Engineer (British Army), Chief Engineer, Chief Executive, Church of England, Co-operative Engagement, Command Element, Common Era (substitute for AD), Concurrent Engineering, Control Engineer, ship, Corps of Engineers Command (US Army), Cost Estimate, Counsellor of Embassy, Customer Engineer, composition, exploding, continuing education

18) Университет: College Of Engineering, Conventional Examination

19) Электроника: Capillary electrophoresis, Conformity To European, Consumer Electronics

20) Вычислительная техника: cost of error, Compact Edition (MS, Windows), Connection Endpoint (UNI), Common Era (substitute for AD), Customer Engineer (see also,) \<\< FE\>\>, затраты на ошибку, эксплуатационное обслуживание

21) Генетика: (capillary electrophoresis) КЭ (капиллярный электрофорез)

22) Связь: Control Element /Circuit Emulation, circuit emulation

23) Фирменный знак: Con Ele Dyn

24) Целлюлозно-бумажная промышленность: Степень каустизации (Caustizing Efficiency; Causticizing Efficiency)

25) Энергетика: collector end, коллекторная часть

26) СМИ: Collectors Edition

27) Деловая лексика: непрерывное обучение, повышение квалификации (continuing education)

28) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Cost Element

29) Сетевые технологии: communication electronics, customer engineering, инженер по обслуживанию абонентов, электроника средств связи

30) Полимеры: carbon equivalent

31) Ядерная физика: Coulomb Excitation

32) Контроль качества: cost effectiveness

33) Сахалин Ю: commodity engineer, conceptual engineering

34) Химическое оружие: U.S.- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, US Army Corps of Engineers, combustion efficiency

35) Физическая химия: Collision Energy (в масс-спектроскопии)

36) Макаров: color excess

37) Безопасность: Communication Encryption

38) Расширение файла: Cache Enable, Channel End, Chip Enable, Collision Elimination, Convert Enable, Computer Eyes (Digital Vision IFF bitmap)

39) Нефть и газ: coal equivalent

40) Военно-политический термин: Council of Europe

41) МИД: Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime, computing element, computing element (typically an arithmetic logical unit)

42) Высокочастотная электроника: Conformite Europeene

43) ООН: Communaute Europeenne

44) Должность: Civil Engineer

45) НАСА: Communications Engineer, Compact Equipment

46) Федеральное бюро расследований: Charlotte Field Office

47) Единицы измерений: Christian Era, Common Era

48) Международная торговля: Contrast Enhancement

49) Зубная имплантология: ITI Continuing Education, программа ITI непрерывного повышения квалификации

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Ce
16 ce

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Capillary Electrophoresis

2) Компьютерная техника: Cgi Edition, Compact Edition, Compact Environment, Correctable Error, channel encoder

3) Биология: cellulose exchanger

4) Американизм: A Covered Entity

5) Латинский язык: Caveat Emptor

6) Военный термин: Campaign Evaluation, Canadian Engineers, Cartographic Entity, Central Europe, Chief of Engineers, Collateral Enclave, Collection Emphasis, Commander's Evaluation, Communications and Electronics, Comprehensive Evaluation, Concept Evaluation, Continuous Evaluation, Corps of Engineers, Criticism Entries, Current Exploitation, carrying equipment, chemical energy, chemical engineer, circular error, civil emergency, civil engineering, communications equipment, communications/electronics, compass error, composition exploding, construction equipment, control element, control equipment, controller error, cost effective, cost-effectiveness (критерий), counterespionage, crew error, crew evaluator, critical examination, cumulative expenditures, Corps of Engineers (U.S. Army), Civil Engineer (s)

7) Техника: Combustion Engineering, Inc., Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Customer Experience, chronometer error, combustion engine, common emitter, common equipment, common-emitter transistor connection, conductivity element, containment environment, exploding composition

8) Сельское хозяйство: European health & safety product label (Conformité Européenne)

9) Математика: круговая ошибка (circular error), полный перебор (complete enumeration), радиальное отклонение (circular error)

10) Религия: Catholic Encyclopedia, Christian Endeavor

11) Экономика: Office of the Chief Economist

12) Страхование: consumption entry

13) Автомобильный термин: commutator end

14) Грубое выражение: Crap Extended, Cum Egg

15) Политика: Sri Lanka

16) Телекоммуникации: сторона клиента

17) Сокращение: Chief Engineer (British Army), Chief Engineer, Chief Executive, Church of England, Co-operative Engagement, Command Element, Common Era (substitute for AD), Concurrent Engineering, Control Engineer, ship, Corps of Engineers Command (US Army), Cost Estimate, Counsellor of Embassy, Customer Engineer, composition, exploding, continuing education

18) Университет: College Of Engineering, Conventional Examination

19) Электроника: Capillary electrophoresis, Conformity To European, Consumer Electronics

20) Вычислительная техника: cost of error, Compact Edition (MS, Windows), Connection Endpoint (UNI), Common Era (substitute for AD), Customer Engineer (see also,) \<\< FE\>\>, затраты на ошибку, эксплуатационное обслуживание

21) Генетика: (capillary electrophoresis) КЭ (капиллярный электрофорез)

22) Связь: Control Element /Circuit Emulation, circuit emulation

23) Фирменный знак: Con Ele Dyn

24) Целлюлозно-бумажная промышленность: Степень каустизации (Caustizing Efficiency; Causticizing Efficiency)

25) Энергетика: collector end, коллекторная часть

26) СМИ: Collectors Edition

27) Деловая лексика: непрерывное обучение, повышение квалификации (continuing education)

28) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Cost Element

29) Сетевые технологии: communication electronics, customer engineering, инженер по обслуживанию абонентов, электроника средств связи

30) Полимеры: carbon equivalent

31) Ядерная физика: Coulomb Excitation

32) Контроль качества: cost effectiveness

33) Сахалин Ю: commodity engineer, conceptual engineering

34) Химическое оружие: U.S.- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, US Army Corps of Engineers, combustion efficiency

35) Физическая химия: Collision Energy (в масс-спектроскопии)

36) Макаров: color excess

37) Безопасность: Communication Encryption

38) Расширение файла: Cache Enable, Channel End, Chip Enable, Collision Elimination, Convert Enable, Computer Eyes (Digital Vision IFF bitmap)

39) Нефть и газ: coal equivalent

40) Военно-политический термин: Council of Europe

41) МИД: Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime, computing element, computing element (typically an arithmetic logical unit)

42) Высокочастотная электроника: Conformite Europeene

43) ООН: Communaute Europeenne

44) Должность: Civil Engineer

45) НАСА: Communications Engineer, Compact Equipment

46) Федеральное бюро расследований: Charlotte Field Office

47) Единицы измерений: Christian Era, Common Era

48) Международная торговля: Contrast Enhancement

49) Зубная имплантология: ITI Continuing Education, программа ITI непрерывного повышения квалификации

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > ce
17 Field, Joshua

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 1786 Hackney, London, England

d. 11 August 1863 Balham Hill, Surrey, England

[br]

English mechanical engineer, co-founder of the Institution of Civil Engineers.

[br]

Joshua Field was educated at a boarding school in Essex until the age of 16, when he obtained employment at the Royal Dockyards at Portsmouth under the Chief Mechanical Superintendent, Simon Goodrich (1773–1847), and later in the drawing office at the Admiralty in Whitehall. At this time, machinery for the manufacture of ships' blocks was being made for the Admiralty by Henry Maudslay, who was in need of a competent draughtsman, and Goodrich recommended Joshua Field. This was the beginning of Field's long association with Maudslay; he later became a partner in the firm which was for many years known as Maudslay, Sons \& Field. They undertook a variety of mechanical engineering work but were renowned for marine steam engines, with Field being responsible for much of the design work in the early years. Joshua Field was the eldest of the eight young men who in 1818 founded the Institution of Civil Engineers; he was the first Chairman of the Institution and later became a vice-president. He was the only one of the founders to be elected President and was the first mechanical engineer to hold that office. James Nasmyth in his autobiography relates that Joshua Field kept a methodical account of his technical discussions in a series of note books which were later indexed. Some of these diaries have survived, and extracts from the notes he made on a tour of the industrial areas of the Midlands and the North West in 1821 have been published.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1836. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1848–9. Member, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1835; President 1848.

Bibliography

1925–6, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the Midlands", introd. and notes J.W.Hall, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:1–41.

1932–3, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the provinces", introd. and notes E.C. Smith, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 13:15–50.

RTS

Biographical history of technology > Field, Joshua
18 Deas, James

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Ports and shipping

[br]

b. 30 October 1827 Edinburgh, Scotland

d. c.1900 Glasgow, Scotland

[br]

Scottish civil engineer responsible for the River Clyde in the period of expansion around the end of the nineteenth century.

[br]

On completing his schooling, Deas spent some years in a locomotive manufacturing shop in Edinburgh and then in a civil engineer's office. He selected the railway for his career, and moved upwards through the professional ranks, working for different companies until 1864 when he became Engineer-in-Chief of the Edinburgh \& Glasgow Railway. This later became the North British Railway and after some years, in 1869, Deas moved to the Clyde Navigation Trust as their Engineer. For thirty years he controlled the development of this great river, and with imaginative vision and determined hard work he saw a trebling in revenue, length of quayage and water area under the Trust's jurisdiction. His office worked on a wide range of problems, including civil engineering, maintenance of harbour craft and the drafting of reports for the many Parliamentary Acts required for the extension of Glasgow Harbour. To understand the immensity of the task, one must appreciate that the River Clyde then had sixty-five shipyards and could handle the largest ships afloat. This had come through the canalization of the old meandering and shallow stream and the difficult removal of the river bed's rock barriers.

[br]

Bibliography

1876, The River Clyde, Glasgow.

Further Reading

John F.Riddell, 1979, Clyde Navigation, A History of the Development and Deepening of the River Clyde, Edinburgh: John Donald.

FMW

Biographical history of technology > Deas, James
19 Elder, John

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 9 March 1824 Glasgow, Scotland

d. 17 September 1869 London, England

[br]

Scottish engineer who introduced the compound steam engine to ships and established an important shipbuilding company in Glasgow.

[br]

John was the third son of David Elder. The father came from a family of millwrights and moved to Glasgow where he worked for the well-known shipbuilding firm of Napier's and was involved with improving marine engines. John was educated at Glasgow High School and then for a while at the Department of Civil Engineering at Glasgow University, where he showed great aptitude for mathematics and drawing. He spent five years as an apprentice under Robert Napier followed by two short periods of activity as a pattern-maker first and then a draughtsman in England. He returned to Scotland in 1849 to become Chief Draughtsman to Napier, but in 1852 he left to become a partner with the Glasgow general engineering company of Randolph Elliott \& Co. Shortly after his induction (at the age of 28), the engineering firm was renamed Randolph Elder \& Co.; in 1868, when the partnership expired, it became known as John Elder \& Co. From the outset Elder, with his partner, Charles Randolph, approached mechanical (especially heat) engineering in a rigorous manner. Their knowledge and understanding of entropy ensured that engine design was not a hit-and-miss affair, but one governed by recognition of the importance of the new kinetic theory of heat and with it a proper understanding of thermodynamic principles, and by systematic development. In this Elder was joined by W.J.M. Rankine, Professor of Civil Engineering and Mechanics at Glasgow University, who helped him develop the compound marine engine. Elder and Randolph built up a series of patents, which guaranteed their company's commercial success and enabled them for a while to be the sole suppliers of compound steam reciprocating machinery. Their first such engine at sea was fitted in 1854 on the SS Brandon for the Limerick Steamship Company; the ship showed an improved performance by using a third less coal, which he was able to reduce still further on later designs.

Elder developed steam jacketing and recognized that, with higher pressures, triple-expansion types would be even more economical. In 1862 he patented a design of quadruple-expansion engine with reheat between cylinders and advocated the importance of balancing reciprocating parts. The effect of his improvements was to greatly reduce fuel consumption so that long sea voyages became an economic reality.

His yard soon reached dimensions then unequalled on the Clyde where he employed over 4,000 workers; Elder also was always interested in the social welfare of his labour force. In 1860 the engine shops were moved to the Govan Old Shipyard, and again in 1864 to the Fairfield Shipyard, about 1 mile (1.6 km) west on the south bank of the Clyde. At Fairfield, shipbuilding was commenced, and with the patents for compounding secure, much business was placed for many years by shipowners serving long-distance trades such as South America; the Pacific Steam Navigation Company took up his ideas for their ships. In later years the yard became known as the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Ltd, but it remains today as one of Britain's most efficient shipyards and is known now as Kvaerner Govan Ltd.

In 1869, at the age of only 45, John Elder was unanimously elected President of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland; however, before taking office and giving his eagerly awaited presidential address, he died in London from liver disease. A large multitude attended his funeral and all the engineering shops were silent as his body, which had been brought back from London to Glasgow, was carried to its resting place. In 1857 Elder had married Isabella Ure, and on his death he left her a considerable fortune, which she used generously for Govan, for Glasgow and especially the University. In 1883 she endowed the world's first Chair of Naval Architecture at the University of Glasgow, an act which was reciprocated in 1901 when the University awarded her an LLD on the occasion of its 450th anniversary.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

President, Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland 1869.

Further Reading

Obituary, 1869, Engineer 28.

1889, The Dictionary of National Biography, London: Smith Elder \& Co. W.J.Macquorn Rankine, 1871, "Sketch of the life of John Elder" Transactions of the

Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland.

Maclehose, 1886, Memoirs and Portraits of a Hundred Glasgow Men.

The Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Works, 1909, London: Offices of Engineering.

P.M.Walker, 1984, Song of the Clyde, A History of Clyde Shipbuilding, Cambridge: PSL.

R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (covers Elder's contribution to the development of steam engines).

RLH / FMW

Biographical history of technology > Elder, John
20 civile

1. adj civil

civilizzato civilized

( non militare) civilian

guerra f civile civil war

matrimonio m civile civil marriage

stato m civile marital status

2. m civilian

* * *

civile agg.

1 civil: guerra civile, civil war; ingegneria civile, civil engineering; matrimonio civile, civil marriage; stato civile, civil status; ufficio dello stato civile, registry office // (dir.): diritto civile, civil law; processo civile, civil trial; tribunale civile, civil court; parte civile, plaintiff; costituirsi parte civile, to sue for damages in a criminal prosecution; morte civile, civil death (o loss of citizen's rights); diritti civili, civil rights // giorno, mese, anno civile, calendar day, month, year

2 ( che concerne la civiltà) civilized: nazione civile, civilized nation; paesi civili, civilized countries

3 ( cortese) civil, courteous, refined, polite: modi civili, polite manners

4 (in opposizione a militare, ecclesiastico) civilian: abito civile, civilian dress (o plain clothes o sl. mil. mufti); autorità civile, civil (o civilian) authorities

◆ s.m. civilian.

* * *
[tʃi'vile]
1. agg

1) civil

Diritto Civile — Civil Law

diritti civili — civil rights

convivenza civile — life in society

società civile — civil society

stato civile — marital status

2) (non militare) civilian

abiti civili — civilian clothes

3) (civilizzato) civilized, (educato) polite, civil

un paese civile — a civilized country

2. sm

private citizen, civilian

* * *
[tʃi'vile] 1.
aggettivo

1) (non militare) [autorità, abiti, popolazione] civilian; (non religioso) [ matrimonio] civil; (non penale) [diritto, codice] civil

stato civile — marital status

ingegnere civile — civil engineer

servizio civile — dir. community service

2) (del cittadino) [ diritti] civil

3) (educato) [persona, comportamento] civil(ized)

4) (civilizzato) [ società] civilized
2.
sostantivo maschile civilian

* * *

civile

/t∫i'vile/

I aggettivo

1 (non militare) [autorità, abiti, popolazione] civilian; (non religioso) [ matrimonio] civil; (non penale) [diritto, codice] civil; stato civile marital status; ingegnere civile civil engineer; servizio civile dir. community service

2 (del cittadino) [ diritti] civil

3 (educato) [persona, comportamento] civil(ized)

4 (civilizzato) [ società] civilized

II sostantivo maschile

civilian.

Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > civile

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